In terms of Digital Earth Twins, initiatives like the European Commission’ s Destination Earth programme aim to create full-scale digital replicas of our planet, incorporating EO data, high-performance computing and AI. Such digital twins enable researchers, planners and policymakers to simulate“ what if” climate scenarios in incredible detail, testing strategies for adaptation and resilience against events ranging from floods to droughts or urban heat waves. ​

Crucially, these AI and ML-powered models dramatically reduce forecast build times and boost prediction accuracy, especially for extreme weather. This allows for easier and more effective resource allocation, stronger early warning systems and smarter, locally targeted adaptation measures.

of essential climate variables can only be accurately measured from space

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