RESULTS FROM THE FOURTH IMO GREENHOUSE GAS STUDY
• Total shipping greenhouse gas emissions rose from 977 Mt in 2012 to 1,076 Mt in 2018 and CO₂ rose from 962 Mt to 1,056 Mt
Not everyone agrees. In late January 2025, a group of countries including Brazil, China and South Africa sent a letter to the IMO warning of negative trade impacts from a universal GHG contribution.
In April 2025, the United States withdrew from the carbon pricing talks and urged others to follow. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick, Energy Secretary Chris Wright and Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy said in a statement that US President Donald Trump’ s administration will“ not accept any
• Shipping’ s share of global anthropogenic greenhouse gases increased from 2.76 % to 2.89 % between 2012 and 2018
• Voyage-based international-shipping CO₂ rose from 701 Mt to 740 Mt between 2012 and 2018
• Carbon intensity improved by 21 %( AER) and 29 %( EEOI) in 2018 versus 2008
• Without stronger measures, total shipping emissions are projected to be 90 to 130 % of 2008 levels by 2050.
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